Tire and method of making same.



s. F. FISHER. TIRE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME APPLICATION FILED JAN-6.1916.

3; .271 ,3811, Patented July 9, 1918.

WITNESS? /7 ATTORNEY size of the tire.

nine snares GEORGE F. FISHER, or ROSELLE, nnw ginesny, ass'xcnoaro THEnsnrronn R'UBLBER WORKS co, A conronarron or'connncrlccr.

TIRE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

Application filed January 6, 1916.

To all whom it may concern Heir known that I, Gnoner. l Fisnnn, acitizen of the United States, residing at toselle, county of Union,State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvementfor Tires and Methods of Making Same. of which thetollowing is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to tires of which the carcass is composed ofplies of tire fabric on the straight, that is, in which the warp threadsextend cireumterentially of the tire, and the weft threads extendtransversely from edge to edge of the tire.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved tire of this type,wherein at the critical zones. or those portions of the tirc subjectedto the severest strains. predetermined. desired conditions will exist inthe warp and weft threads so that they coact equally and in unison towithstand strains.

The greatest flexing 01 a tire under load takes'plaee throughout annularzones on opapproximately the same.

positc sides oi the tire, which zones are known as the critical zones.and are to be found about one or two inches from the central plane ofthe tire, according to the The present invention provides r tire havingwarp and weft threads under equal tension throughout these criticalzones, this end being attained by so 'manipulating the fabric that thewarp threads will exhibit approximately the same crimp as the weftthreads throughout the critical zones of the carcass.

The invention can be easily understood from thefollowing descriptiontaken in connection with the accompanying drawing. in which- I igure 1is a cross-sectional view of a tire constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary cross-sectional View showing one ply of thefabric diagrammatically with the crimp exaggerated to better illustratethe invention.

Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive, are fragmentary longitudinal sectional newsshowing dra Specification of Letters Patent.

Serial No. 70,596.

parts; 10 designates a tire forming ring core; 11 designates the carcassor strain resisting portion of a tire built upon the ring core, and 12designates the rubber tread the tire. The carcass ot the tire is formedof coniolutions of rubberized fabric on the straight, that is rubbertreated t'alnic in which the warp and weft threads intersect; atsubstantially. right angles, the warp threads 13 extendingcircumferentially or the carcass and the weft threads i l extendingradially of the carcass from edge to edge. 1

In carrying out the invention each convolution of fabric is preferablylaid on the ring core under such condition that the followingcharacteristics will be exhibited by the product. There will be lessercrimp in the 'arp threads than in the wet; threads at theirintersections, throughout the t ead oi the carcass. zones of thecarcass, as indicated at in l and. 2, the crimp in the warp and weftthreads at their intersections will be There will exist a greater crimpin the warp threads than in the weft. threads below the critical zones,and by below, 1 men in the direction of the axis of rotation of thetire.

In one enibodinicnt oi the invention, take rubber treated woven fabricon the straight. in which there exists greater crimp in the. warpthreads than in the weft threads throughout the width of the fabric, andsupply this fabric in flat strip form under such tension to therevolving ring core that the strip will be stretched at its centerlongitudinally, and at the tread oi: the carcass a less crimp producedin the wa i than that in the weft threads, (Fig. IE) while throughoutthe critical Zones of the carcass the same crimp is produced in the warpthreads as in the weft threads, (Fi a t). The marginal portions of thestrip are then shaped to the configuration of the side portions of thecore, manually or mechanically, and in practice I have found that thismay be done with extreme speed and accuracy by positively reciprocatingpresser fingers which mov e substantially tangentially upon the sideportions of the fabric from near the tread to near the inner ec geportions of the core, and press the weft threads together near the edgeportion of the core with resu'ltant increase in me crimp of the ivarpfthreads over that of the Weft threads, igs.

and 6).

As a result of the peculiar magnitudef-of crimp in the Warp relativelyto the Weft threads at different portions of the carcass,

I it has been found that longer life and greater durability is producedin the tire so constructed since by-virtue of there being approximatelyequal crimp in the warp and weft threads ,at their intersectionsthroughout the critical zones of the tire, substantially equal tensionexists in the threads themselves throughout these zones, andconseque'ntly both sets of threads 'coact equally and in unison inresisting strains.

To complete the process, a tire formed as above described is vulcanizedin anyusual or preferred manner.

By constructing the tire as above de-' scribed, it is possible to employbut asingle strip applied continually upon the core in a plurality ofconvolutions to provide the required number of fabric plies. In this waythe many splices ofthe ordinary tire composed of bias fabric areavoided, and the weaknesses arising therefrom are avoided.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim and desire to protect byLetters Pat- 30- ent is:

;l. ,A tire comprising a plurality of convolutions of fabric havingcircumferentially extending Warp threads and radially extendingweftthreads, tl1e Warp threads having less crimp than the weft threads atthe tread portion of the tire, having approximately the same crimp asthe weft threads at the zones of greatest flexing in the tire, andhaving greater crimp than the weft threads between said zones and theedges of the tire.

2. The process of producing tires of rubeonvolutions of a-continuousstrip of the fabric under such tension that a less crimp is produced inthe warp threads than exists in the Weft threads at the tread ofthe'convolu- .tions and the same crimp is produced in the warp threadsas exists in the Weft threads 'jber treated fabric normally havinggreater crimp in 'the warp threads than in the weft threads, conslstingof forming a plurality of throughoutzones of greatest flexing in theconvolutions, pressing theweft threads toward each other near the edgeportions of the convolut-ions to produce greater crimp in strip form toa core, the fabric having cir-' cumferentially extending warpthreads-and radially extending Weft threads, preserving the crimping ofthe Warp and Weft threads approximately the same in zones laterallyof-the medlan plane of the tire and pressing the weft threads towardeach other near the edges of the strips so that the crimping of the weftthreads is less than the crimping of the warp threads. y

Signed at New York, N. Y., this th day of December, 1915.

GEORGE F. FISHER.

